還(hai)原(yuan)煉(lian)鐵(tie)是(shi)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen),其(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)點(dian)是(shi)用(yong)非(fei)焦(jiao)煤(mei)作(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)次(ci)性(xing)能(neng)源(yuan)和(he)還(hai)原(yuan)劑(ji),將(jiang)鐵(tie)的(de)氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)在(zai)熔(rong)融(rong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)還(hai)原(yuan),具(ju)有(you)以(yi)煤(mei)代(dai)焦(jiao)、流程短、對(dui)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran)小(xiao),建(jian)設(she)投(tou)資(zi)少(shao),生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)等(deng)優(you)點(dian),是(shi)被(bei)業(ye)內(nei)廣(guang)泛(fan)看(kan)好(hao)的(de)域(yu),各(ge)國(guo)的(de)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)企(qi)業(ye)競(jing)相(xiang)進(jin)行(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)開(kai)發(fa)。現(xian)有(you)的(de)還(hai)原(yuan)煉(lian)鐵(tie)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you) COREX 法(CN1010323B)、DIOS 法(CN1035136A)、HISELT 法(CN1037542A)。其中 COREX 法已經工業化生產,其他兩種方法仍處於試驗階段。但是所有的還原煉鐵工藝,由於能耗高、生產成本高等方麵的原因,難與高爐工藝競爭。
公開號為CN 103937922A的中國發明利申請公開“一種混合還原煉鐵設備及煉鐵方法:把粉礦、粉煤和熔劑等原料放入料倉,原料在料倉裏被煙囪裏的爐煙加熱,原料通過萬向分布器投放到加料管裏、然ran後hou流liu入ru回hui轉zhuan窯yao。驅qu動dong電dian機ji帶dai回hui轉zhuan窯yao和he滾gun筒tong爐lu箅bi轉zhuan動dong使shi流liu入ru回hui轉zhuan窯yao和he滾gun筒tong爐lu箅bi的de原yuan料liao被bei流liu動dong的de熱re氣qi體ti進jin一yi步bu均jun勻yun地di加jia熱re。部bu分fen粉fen煤mei與yu粉fen礦kuang發fa生sheng化hua學xue反fan應ying生sheng成cheng氧yang化hua亞ya鐵tie和he二er氧yang化hua碳tan。燃ran油you火huo焰yan點dian燃ran滾gun筒tong爐lu箅bi中zhong後hou段duan的de煤mei粉fen塵chen。從cong滾gun筒tong爐lu箅bi出chu來lai的de熟shu料liao落luo到dao混hun合he還hai原yuan爐lu內nei的de梳shu齒chi爐lu箅bi上shang被bei用yong富fu氧yang噴pen入ru的de粉fen煤mei火huo焰yan進jin一yi步bu加jia熱re和he還hai原yuan,小xiao塊kuai的de熟shu料liao落luo入ru鐵tie浴yu還hai原yuan池chi中zhong被bei滲shen碳tan和he吹chui入ru的de水shui煤mei氣qi還hai原yuan。大da塊kuai熟shu料liao滑hua落luo到dao慢man速su還hai原yuan池chi上shang麵mian被bei富fu氧yang支zhi持chi燃ran燒shao的de焦jiao炭tan加jia熱re和he還hai原yuan。鐵tie浴yu還hai原yuan池chi裏li生sheng成cheng的de鐵tie水shui和he爐lu渣zha流liu入ru慢man速su還hai原yuan池chi,從cong鐵tie水shui出chu口kou和he爐lu渣zha管guan流liu出chu”。該項技術克服了高爐煉鐵速度慢、散熱多,需要使用大量的焦炭和燒結礦、bunengshiyongfenmeihefenkuangdequedian。danshigailishenqingdehaiyuanhejiareguochengzaiyigehuizhuanyaozhongjinxing,haiyuanguochengmeifenheyanqizhongdeyouhaichengfenrongyijinruhaiyuantiezhong,yingxianghaiyuanliantiedezhiliang,bingqiebunengyouxiaoliyongyure,zengjiahaiyuanliantiedechengben。
提供一種利用間壁回轉窯haiyuanliantiedefangfa,tongguogeyanjiarefangshiweihaiyuanguochengtigongreliang,youhuahaiyuanguochengdehuanjing,tigaohaiyuanchanpinzhiliang,bingqiechongfenliyongyanqifadian,weihaiyuantierongliantigongdongli。benfamingdelingyimudeshitigongyizhongliyongjianbihuizhuanyaohaiyuanliantiedezhuangzhi。
利用間壁回轉窯還原煉鐵的方法,步驟包括:
1、原料鐵礦粉與石灰粉混合後經上料設備送入蓄熱器預熱。
2、預熱後原料進入回轉窯加熱至800℃~1000℃。
3、加熱後原料經回轉窯頭罩、高溫料倉、加料倉和加料環進入間壁回轉窯。
4、向間壁回轉窯通入還原性氣體,高溫鐵礦粉在還原氣氛中還原成海綿鐵,還原溫度1000℃~1400℃。
5、海綿鐵經出料環到出料倉,然後再到電爐精煉設備,在電爐中精煉成精品鐵。
還原性氣體為氫氣、一氧化碳或氫氣和一氧化碳混合氣,氫氣和一氧化碳混合氣中氫氣和一氧化碳的體積百分比為50~70:50~30。間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)還(hai)原(yuan)後(hou)尾(wei)氣(qi)用(yong)作(zuo)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)燃(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)的(de)燃(ran)料(liao)。間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)燃(ran)燒(shao)的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)用(yong)於(yu)發(fa)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)餘(yu)熱(re)發(fa)電(dian),發(fa)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)發(fa)出(chu)的(de)電(dian)力(li)用(yong)作(zuo)電(dian)爐(lu)精(jing)煉(lian)設(she)備(bei)精(jing)煉(lian)海(hai)綿(mian)鐵(tie)的(de)動(dong)力(li)。
利用間壁回轉窯還原煉鐵的裝置,包括回轉窯、上料設備和蓄熱器,回轉窯設有回轉窯尾罩、回轉窯頭罩和燃燒器。上料設備與蓄熱器連接,蓄熱器通過回轉窯尾罩與回轉窯連接。裝置設有間壁回轉窯、電爐精煉設備、高溫料倉、加料倉和出料倉。間壁回轉窯包括窯體、間壁窯頭罩、間壁窯尾罩、加料環、chuliaohuanhemeifenshaozui。yaotiweitaotongjiegou,youtongzhouanzhuangdeneitonghewaitonggoucheng,neitongdezhongxinweiyaotang,neitonghewaitongzhijianweihuanxingwuliaotang。huanxingwuliaotangsheyouzhichengnaicai,jialiaohuanhechuliaohuanyuyaotidongmifenglianjie。huizhuanyaoyicitongguohuizhuanyaotouzhao、高溫料倉、jialiaocanghejialiaohuanyujianbihuizhuanyaodehuanxingwuliaotanglianjie。huanxingwuliaotangtongguochuliaohuanhechuliaocangyudianlujinglianshebeilianjie。chuliaohuanshangsheyouhaiyuanxingqitirukou,suoshujialiaohuanshangsheyouhaiyuanweiqichukou。xureqideshangbuhejianbiyaoweizhaosheyouyanqichukou,yanqichukouyupaifangxitonglianjie。
裝zhuang置zhi設she有you發fa電dian設she備bei和he變bian電dian設she備bei,間jian壁bi回hui轉zhuan窯yao的de煙yan氣qi出chu口kou通tong過guo發fa電dian設she備bei與yu排pai放fang係xi統tong連lian接jie。發fa電dian設she備bei通tong過guo變bian電dian設she備bei與yu電dian爐lu精jing煉lian設she備bei電dian路lu連lian接jie。加jia料liao環huan中zhong設she有you物wu料liao抄chao板ban,物wu料liao抄chao板ban安an裝zhuang在zai進jin料liao孔kong的de入ru口kou處chu。環huan形xing物wu料liao膛tang設she有you物wu料liao擋dang板ban,物wu料liao擋dang板ban安an裝zhuang在zai進jin料liao孔kong的de出chu口kou處chu。加jia料liao環huan和he出chu料liao環huan與yu窯yao體ti之zhi間jian設she有you密mi封feng機ji構gou,密mi封feng機ji構gou為wei轉zhuan動dong密mi封feng機ji構gou。加jia料liao倉cang與yu加jia料liao環huan之zhi間jian設she有you加jia料liao鎖suo,出chu料liao環huan與yu出chu料liao倉cang之zhi間jian設she有you出chu料liao鎖suo。還hai原yuan尾wei氣qi出chu口kou通tong過guo氣qi體ti連lian通tong管guan路lu連lian接jie到dao回hui轉zhuan窯yao燃ran燒shao器qi的de燃ran料liao入ru口kou,用yong還hai原yuan後hou尾wei氣qi作zuo回hui轉zhuan窯yao的de燃ran料liao。
利(li)用(yong)間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)還(hai)原(yuan)煉(lian)鐵(tie)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),通(tong)過(guo)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)加(jia)熱(re)被(bei)還(hai)原(yuan)的(de)物(wu)料(liao),利(li)用(yong)間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)進(jin)行(xing)還(hai)原(yuan)。間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)通(tong)過(guo)內(nei)外(wai)筒(tong)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)窯(yao)體(ti),使(shi)內(nei)筒(tong)為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)燃(ran)燒(shao)和(he)煙(yan)氣(qi)流(liu)通(tong)的(de)窯(yao)膛(tang),內(nei)外(wai)筒(tong)之(zhi)間(jian)為(wei)煆(duan)燒(shao)物(wu)料(liao)的(de)環(huan)形(xing)物(wu)料(liao)膛(tang),窯(yao)膛(tang)燃(ran)燒(shao)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)間(jian)壁(bi)加(jia)熱(re)環(huan)形(xing)物(wu)料(liao)膛(tang)的(de)物(wu)料(liao),避(bi)免(mian)煙(yan)氣(qi)與(yu)物(wu)料(liao)直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu),優(you)化(hua)了(le)還(hai)原(yuan)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)環(huan)境(jing),有(you)利(li)於(yu)提(ti)高(gao)還(hai)原(yuan)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)。間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)的(de)煙(yan)氣(qi)出(chu)口(kou)與(yu)餘(yu)熱(re)發(fa)電(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)連(lian)接(jie),利(li)用(yong)燃(ran)燒(shao)煙(yan)氣(qi)的(de)餘(yu)熱(re)發(fa)電(dian),充(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)了(le)廢(fei)熱(re)資(zi)源(yuan),降(jiang)低(di)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)的(de)能(neng)量(liang)消(xiao)耗(hao)。發(fa)電(dian)設(she)備(bei)發(fa)的(de)電(dian)為(wei)還(hai)原(yuan)鐵(tie)的(de)電(dian)爐(lu)熔(rong)煉(lian)提(ti)供(gong)動(dong)力(li),可(ke)以(yi)節(jie)省(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan),提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)能(neng),優(you)化(hua)資(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)置(zhi)。間(jian)壁(bi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)還(hai)原(yuan)後(hou)尾(wei)氣(qi)用(yong)作(zuo)回(hui)轉(zhuan)窯(yao)燃(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)的(de)燃(ran)料(liao),充(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)還(hai)原(yuan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)未(wei)用(yong)盡(jin)的(de)可(ke)燃(ran)性(xing)氣(qi)體(ti)作(zuo)加(jia)熱(re)鐵(tie)粉(fen)的(de)燃(ran)料(liao),避(bi)免(mian)資(zi)源(yuan)浪(lang)費(fei)。