通(tong)常(chang),固(gu)體(ti)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)溶(rong)解(jie)度(du)會(hui)因(yin)溫(wen)度(du)的(de)升(sheng)高(gao)而(er)逐(zhu)漸(jian)增(zeng)加(jia),如(ru)硝(xiao)酸(suan)鉀(jia)。但(dan)也(ye)有(you)少(shao)數(shu)固(gu)體(ti),如(ru)氫(qing)氧(yang)化(hua)鈣(gai),其(qi)溶(rong)解(jie)度(du)在(zai)溫(wen)度(du)升(sheng)高(gao)鄂(e)同(tong)時(shi)卻(que)是(shi)呈(cheng)減(jian)小(xiao)趨(qu)勢(shi)變(bian)化(hua)的(de)。其(qi)溶(rong)解(jie)度(du)曲(qu)線(xian)如(ru)圖(tu)(1)所示:

yinqingyanghuagairongjieduhuiyinwendubianhuaerjianxiao,zaimouxiewentishangjiuxuyaowomentebiezhuyi。zaishijicaozuozhong,ruojiangyidingliangdeshengshihuijiarudaoyidingliangdebaoheqingyanghuagairongyezhong,congfanyingdejiaochudaofanyingjieshu,rongyedewendubianhuaguilvshixianshengzhiyidingwendu,ranhouyouhuifudaoyuanlaiwendude。zaizhegebianhuaguochengzhong,rongzhidejirongji、溶液的質量,溶液中溶質的質量分數、溶液中Ca2+的數目、溶液的PH的變化情況是怎樣的,具體情況如下:
一yi定ding溫wen度du下xia,加jia入ru生sheng石shi灰hui的de氫qing氧yang化hua鈣gai溶rong液ye在zai特te定ding時shi間jian內nei會hui放fang出chu大da量liang的de熱re,令ling溶rong液ye的de溫wen度du升sheng高gao,同tong時shi因yin為wei水shui的de消xiao耗hao而er導dao致zhi溶rong液ye內nei水shui質zhi量liang減jian少shao。此ci時shi就jiu會hui看kan出chu有you部bu分fen的de溶rong質zhi氫qing氧yang化hua鈣gai被bei析xi出chu,令ling溶rong液ye內nei溶rong質zhi質zhi量liang減jian少shao。過guo一yi段duan時shi間jian,當dang溶rong液ye溫wen度du逐zhu漸jian降jiang低di時shi,在zai某mou一yi點dian被bei析xi出chu的de氫qing氧yang化hua鈣gai有you少shao部bu分fen將jiang重zhong新xin被bei溶rong解jie,具ju體ti情qing況kuang如ru圖tu(2)所示,隨著反應時間的變化,溶劑的質量是先出現降低後持續不變。
以上變化中,雖然溶質的質量有所減少,其Ca2+總數也會減少,但是Ca2+的質量分數是不變的,因此氫氧化鈣溶液的堿性強弱是沒有變化的,即溶液的pH值不變。
在熟知以上變化的情況下,對於氫氧化鈣設備的實際運行來講是非常有利的。更多有關氫氧化鈣的介紹詳見:http://f1979.cn/news